{"id":6437,"date":"2020-07-04T03:57:04","date_gmt":"2020-07-04T03:57:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/?page_id=6437"},"modified":"2021-11-12T21:14:46","modified_gmt":"2021-11-12T21:14:46","slug":"07-04","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/07-04\/","title":{"rendered":"07-04"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"6437\" class=\"elementor elementor-6437\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9460d3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9460d3d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-27fff99\" data-id=\"27fff99\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-44c513f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"44c513f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e1128b\" data-id=\"3e1128b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e4d066 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4e4d066\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Saturday, July 4 - Independence Day<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6c0dee4\" data-id=\"6c0dee4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5d29f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"b5d29f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/coronavirus-data?country=~USA#cases-and-deaths\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">US Cases 2.85 million<br>US Deaths 130,020<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fe1bf5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fe1bf5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jun 30: In his appearance before the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee,\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2020\/06\/30\/u-s-could-see-100000-new-covid-19-cases-per-day-fauci-says\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fauci warns<\/a><\/span> that while the current daily number of new cases in the United States is hovering around 40,000, that could reach as high as 100,000 new cases per day given the outbreak\u2019s current trajectory. The EU announces it will reopen its boarders to 14 countries. The U.S. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">is not included<\/span>.<\/p><p>Jul 1: The U.S. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/nation\/2020\/07\/01\/coronavirus-live-updates-us\/\">sees<\/a> <\/span>a record 52,788 increase in COVID-cases. Seattle police <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">clear <\/span>out the Capitol Hill Organized Protest (CHOP) and arrest 32 people who had remained in the protest zone. Richmond, Virginia, authorities <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theweek.com\/speedreads\/923255\/hundreds-watch-stonewall-jackson-statue-removed-from-richmonds-monument-avenue\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">remove a statue of Gen. Stonewall Jackson.<\/span> <\/a>Russian voters <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">approve<\/span> a constitutional change that will allow Putin to stay in power until 2036. Trump <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2020\/07\/01\/politics\/donald-trump-black-lives-matter-confederate-race\/index.html\">criticizes<\/a><\/span> New York City officials for their plan to paint &#8220;Black Lives Matter&#8221; on Fifth Avenue in front of the Trump Hotel. He says the slogan is a &#8220;symbol of hate.&#8221;<\/p><p>Jul 2:\u00a0<span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">The U.S.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); text-decoration-line: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/nation\/2020\/07\/02\/coronavirus-live-updates-us\/\">sees<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">a record 55,220 increase in COVID-cases.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Several states, including California and Indiana,\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); text-decoration-line: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ajmc.com\/view\/what-were-reading-states-halt-reverse-reopening-covid19-risk-with-asthma-novel-testing-strategies\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"\">postpone or reverse plans<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">to reopen their economies, as the United States records 50,000 new cases of COVID-19\u2014the largest one-day spike since the pandemic\u2019s onset. New Mexico also extends the state\u2019s emergency public health order through July 15 and implements a $100 fine for those not adhering to required mask usage. The chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Gen. Mark Milley, confirms an <em>Associated Press<\/em>\u00a0report that some service members <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/62e1aa26fe5043a63441dcacea70703e\">were issued bayonets<\/a><\/span> when they were sent to Washington, D.C., early last month to respond to protests against racial injustice and police brutality.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p>Jul 3: <span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">The U.S.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/nation\/2020\/07\/03\/coronavirus-update-us\/\">sees<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">a record 57,497 increase in COVID-cases.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">\u00a0<\/span>Two police officers in Aurora, Colo., are fired after one resigns. The three had taken and shared photos reenacting a chokehold used in the death of Elijah McClain. Trump<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/10793013ab9d6febaf896b2bd25ec62a\"> gives a speech<\/a><\/span> at the foot of Mt. Rushmore in South Dakota, where many are not wearing masks. He rails against &#8220;cancel culture&#8221; and &#8220;far-left fascism.&#8221; He says that the efforts to take down Confederate monuments is a &#8220;merciless campaign to wipe out our history, defame our heroes, erase our values, and indoctrinate our children.&#8221; Trump says &#8220;angry mobs&#8221; are not only trying to &#8220;deface our sacred memorials,&#8221; but &#8220;unleash a violent wave of crime in our cities.&#8221;<\/p><p>Jul 4: At an <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/95698f178a15e56a0f4e286708d06668\">Independence Day address<\/a><\/span> at the White House, Trump says his administration is, &#8220;in the process of defeating the radical left&#8221; amid nationwide protests against police brutality and systemic racism, which have included efforts to remove numerous statues and monuments. &#8220;We will never allow an angry mob to tear down our statues, erase our history, indoctrinate our children, or trample on our freedoms.&#8221; Bars reopen in England as lockdown restrictions are eased. Florida <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2020\/07\/04\/florida-record-coronavirus-cases-surge-348780\">sees<\/a><\/span> a surge in COVID cases. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.axios.com\/seattle-driver-protester-killed-3e9ed5b2-a132-473e-b320-a57e82345233.html\">One person is killed and another hospitalized<\/a><\/span> after a man drives a\u00a0 car onto a closed freeway during a protest against police brutality in Seattle, Washington.\u00a0 Kanye West, the rapper, says he is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">running <\/span>for President.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ce98b2e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ce98b2e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-927454f\" data-id=\"927454f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9400759 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"9400759\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tFrom the cutting room floor...\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-77226fb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"77226fb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c64c05f\" data-id=\"c64c05f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d40f97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d40f97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\">It was July 4, 1992, when the real meaning of Bruce Springsteen\u2019s \u201cBorn in the USA\u201d hit me. My friends and I sat with thousands of people in filthy green vinyl lawn chairs, watching the fireworks break over the downtown skyline. My feet sank into the muddy grass on the banks of the river. Everyone tuned their boomboxes (we said that word unironically) into the FM station blaring the patriotic soundtrack choreographed to the explosion show. Then Springsteen\u2019s sharp snare pierced the air. A cheer rang out so loud it gave you goosebumps\u2014we all knew the lyrics: &#8220;Booooooorn in the You Ess Aaaaeeee; I was boooooorn in the You Esssss Aaaaeeeee nawh.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\">But it was not until that night that I really <em>heard<\/em> them. The song is a testimony to the trap of American poverty, to the expendability of the poor and the hollow patriotism that launches fireworks and lauds our fighting soldiers but then forgets about them as soon as they come home. \u201cY&#8217;end up like a dog that\u2019s been beat too much.\u201d I turned to see my friend Bill singing at the top of his lungs, \u201cPut a rifle in my hand \/ Sent me off to a foreign land \/ To go and kill the yellow man.\u201d A firework popped in the clear night sky. \u201cLike me!\u201d Bill yelled, face still contorted, Springsteen-esque. Just a week or two earlier he had received the news he would ship out to somewhere in East Asia. It hit me so hard, I didn\u2019t hear the rest of the fireworks.<br><\/span> [read_more id=&#8221;1&#8243; more=&#8221;Read more&#8221; less=&#8221;Read less&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\">I realized that when we sing the chorus, \u201cBorn in the U.S.A.,\u201d we are in fact singing a dirge to the death of our faith in American exceptionalism. The country that supposedly stands for freedom and justice more than anywhere else that has ever existed in the blood-soaked history of our species\u2014&#8221;No nation has done more to advance the human condition,&#8221; said Trump at Mount Rushmore last night\u2014nevertheless drops an M16 in the hands of its poorest young people and sends them off to do its dirty work slaughtering some other vilified race. When our soldiers come home, having served the cause, they find a \u201cthank you for your service\u201d and little else. This might happen to Bill, too, I thought. I had been singing \u201cBorn in the U.S.A.\u201d like it was \u201cAmerica the Beautiful\u201d all through the Reagan and Bush, Sr. years. But it\u2019s America the neglectful. America the empty-well-wisher.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\">On the way home from the fireworks, I told Bill to grab the <em>Born in the USA<\/em> cassette out of the glove box. \u201cIs he <em>pissing <\/em>on the flag?!\u201d I asked about the album art, with new eyes. \u201cWhat?! Uh, maybe,\u201d laughed Bill. Then in one fluid motion, he whipped out his Zippo, flicked it off his jeans like he always did, and lit a Camel, tossing the Springsteen case on the ground. \u201c\u2018ThunderRoad\u2019s\u2019 better.\u201d He didn\u2019t care about my revelation. He was still reveling in the fireworks and thinking about how we could get high before he shipped out.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\">This year, though &#8230; the Fourth of July offers a somewhat different experience this year. From my house, I hear dozens of small fireworks displays going off in neighborhoods and backyards in every direction. The howling of dogs and the scream of distant sirens fills what little air is not filled with pops, fizzles, and bangs. The individual displays, and the accompanying howling and siren wailing behind them, last for hours. I suppose that social distancing has meant that instead of an all-together civic celebration of our American-ness, we\u2019re huddled in small groups, blowing up gunpowder in vast quantities right over our neighbors\u2019 yards. I\u2019ve never heard so many fireworks. And it&#8217;s not just tonight&#8211;this cacophony started a few nights ago. My poor dog is on the verge of a nervous breakdown. Fires seem a real possibility. But I&#8217;m more concerned that, though I&#8217;ve seen houses and yards stuffed with friends and family, most of the white people I see aren&#8217;t wearing masks (though other non-whites do seem to be).<br><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\">So pandemic Fourth of July is &#8230; different. At the same time, however, the contradiction between what our country <em>is versus what we wish it could be<\/em>, is still as sharply apparent as it was decades ago when Springsteen penned that anthem<em>.<\/em> Are we good with what it is right now? Are we willing to stand on the steps of our Gilded Age mansions, semiautomatic rifle drawn, to keep it? Or do we think that something dramatically better could lie before us, even if it requires marching and shouting and being coated with pepper spray? <\/span><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\">(Ha\u2014this framing seems too reductionistic and sermonizing even as I write it. Let me try again.) <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\">There are so many among us who feel that the status quo is not working for them. Nevertheless, they fear change. Others vilify what they don\u2019t understand, whether the status quo is good for them or not. Ironically, if I were looking for patriotism in America today\u2014if I were looking for examples of people trying to make the world less like Springsteen\u2019s &#8220;Born in the U.S.A. and more like &#8220;America the Beautiful&#8221;\u2014I would point to those protestors who are out on the streets every night demanding that this nation live up to its promises. The marchers are taking blows from the police because they believe in the possibility of change. They believe that the future can be better. There is another group gathered around Mount Rushmore to hear their leader unveil the latest edition of Stephen Miller\u2019s \u201cAmerican Carnage\u201d speech. They fear change. They fear loss. And they do see carnage in their cities as their young promising men come back from Afghanistan with no job prospects or drift off to larger cities where they encounter (but rarely befriend) people from very different backgrounds. They see the rich get richer while they get left behind.<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> But, of course, they have been seeing that since the steel plants closed in the 1980s\u2014around the time Springsteen wrote those lyrics. What&#8217;s changed is that more people, even white people, are recognizing how disproportionately the pain is distributed in America. People on the streets are asking people watching the marches on TV to learn a different version of American history. Indeed it&#8217;s this demand, that childlike false history enshrined in marble monuments needs to be replaced by a mature, historically realistic view of America as <em>not<\/em> angelically insulated from corruption and mismanagement of power, that Trump denounces in his Mount Rushmore speech.<br><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\">The Fourth of July always seems to bring this debate over the status quo and the way we got to it into sharp relief. And two events are making that contrast even starker. On Thursday, the NFL agreed to play \u201cLift Ev\u2019ry Voice and Sing,\u201d nicknamed the \u201cBlack National Anthem,\u201d before the Kansas City Chiefs versus Houston Texans game on September 10.<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a> Additionally, some players in the NFL have agreed to wear on their jerseys the names of those killed by police\u2014a fulfillment of Colin Kaepernick\u2019s protest that led to his blackballing by the league in 2016. Like clockwork, boycotting the NFL became a thing on social media today. (Just wait until they change the Washington Redskins to something less nineteenth-century.) And, almost at the same moment that the largely white crowds dispersed the largely native American protesters in order to gather at Mount Rushmore last night, Disney premiered an original-cast performance recorded four years ago of the highly decorated musical <em>Hamilton<\/em> on their Disney+ app.<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a> We decided to watch it while the explosions rattled outside.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\">I watched this musical with altered eyes tonight. When it debuted in 2015, <em>Hamilton<\/em> represented a triumphant recasting of the nation\u2019s founding by an ethnically diverse cast singing in modern vernacular. Having Washington, Jefferson, Aaron Burr and others played by men and women of color felt revolutionary. The recorded performance that we are watching tonight is from the summer of 2016. It was filmed when the first serious female candidate for president looked to be a shoo-in. It seems almost quaint now, from the \u201cbefore times,\u201d as we are now apparently calling them. Unlike \u201cBorn in the USA,\u201d it is hard to misread <em>Hamilton<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\">It is hard to overstate just how much cultural penetration Lin Manuel Miranda\u2019s work has had. Even the neo-con John Bolton lifted the title of his tell-all <em>The Room Where It Happened<\/em> from the Aaron Burr character\u2019s central song of political envy. It is clear now, however, that <em>Hamilton <\/em>is merely the first verse of \u201cLift Ev\u2019ry Voice and Sing&#8221;&#8211;the hopeful, uplifting, look-at-what-we-can-do verse.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\">Missing even from <i>Hamilton<\/i> is a full-throated <i>critique<\/i> of the deep contradictions in the American genesis: a supposedly Christian quest to extend white property rights by killing or displacing the original occupants of the continent and by enslaving labor from West Africa. For crying out loud, our country\u2019s national anthem is based on Francis Scott Key\u2019s poem that glorified the inability of the \u201chireling and slave\u201d to escape the \u201cterror of flight or the gloom of the grave.\u201d In a country that cannot even face up to these historical facts, perhaps there isn\u2019t yet a stomach for deeper understanding of our complicity than what <em>Hamilton<\/em> gives us.<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a><\/span><\/p><p><br><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Notes<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> Pointing out, usually with glee, that conservatives don\u2019t know the lyrics well enough to know that it\u2019s an anti-nationalistic song, is <em>still<\/em> an annual pastime two-and-a-half decades after the song was released. Robyn Pennacchia, \u201c36 Years Later, Conservatives Finally Read The Lyrics To \u2018Born In The USA,\u2019\u201d Wonkette, July 3, 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wonkette.com\/36-years-later-conservatives-finally-read-the-lyrics-to-born-in-the-usa\">https:\/\/www.wonkette.com\/36-years-later-conservatives-finally-read-the-lyrics-to-born-in-the-usa<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Our Foreign Staff, \u201cDonald Trump Attacks \u2018Cancel Culture\u2019 in Fiery Mount Rushmore Speech,\u201d <em>The Telegraph<\/em>, July 4, 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/2020\/07\/04\/mount-rushmore-speech-donald-trump-vows-tougher-measures-protesters\/\">https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/2020\/07\/04\/mount-rushmore-speech-donald-trump-vows-tougher-measures-protesters\/<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Jason Reid, \u201cSource: NFL Plans to Play Black Anthem Week 1,\u201d ESPN.com, July 2, 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.espn.com\/nfl\/story\/_\/id\/29401000\/nfl-plans-play-black-national-anthem-week-1-games\">https:\/\/www.espn.com\/nfl\/story\/_\/id\/29401000\/nfl-plans-play-black-national-anthem-week-1-games<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> Future historians of technology: for the whole family to watch, we had to download it onto an Android phone via the Disney+ app and then screen mirror to the LG television because, even in 2020, there was so much lag in streaming directly. Also, so-called smart TVs just aren\u2019t that smart.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: book antiqua, palatino;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> Jason Johnson, \u201cStar-Spangled Bigotry: The Hidden Racist History of the National Anthem,\u201d <em>The Root<\/em>, July 4, 2016, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theroot.com\/star-spangled-bigotry-the-hidden-racist-history-of-the-1790855893\">https:\/\/www.theroot.com\/star-spangled-bigotry-the-hidden-racist-history-of-the-1790855893<\/a>.<\/span> [\/read_more]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-94a6a6d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"94a6a6d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0e7e6c4\" data-id=\"0e7e6c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c65376b elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"c65376b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tImages\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a4bd859 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"a4bd859\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-wider\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-34d910a\" data-id=\"34d910a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-667b71e elementor-widget elementor-widget-gallery\" data-id=\"667b71e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;columns&quot;:2,&quot;gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:20,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_hover_animation&quot;:&quot;grow&quot;,&quot;gallery_layout&quot;:&quot;masonry&quot;,&quot;overlay_title&quot;:&quot;caption&quot;,&quot;overlay_description&quot;:&quot;description&quot;,&quot;lazyload&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;columns_tablet&quot;:2,&quot;columns_mobile&quot;:1,&quot;gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;link_to&quot;:&quot;file&quot;,&quot;overlay_background&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;content_hover_animation&quot;:&quot;fade-in&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery__container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/07-04_Third-Stanza-of-Defence-of-Ft.-McHenry.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"667b71e\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"07-04_Third Stanza of &quot;Defence of Ft. McHenry&quot;\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"https:\/\/www.nps.gov\/fomc\/learn\/historyculture\/francis-scott-key.htm\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzE5NSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2FkaGMubGliLnVhLmVkdVwvcGFuZGVtaWNib29rXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIxXC8wNlwvMDctMDRfVGhpcmQtU3RhbnphLW9mLURlZmVuY2Utb2YtRnQuLU1jSGVucnkucG5nIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiNjY3YjcxZSJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/07-04_Third-Stanza-of-Defence-of-Ft.-McHenry.png\" data-width=\"740\" data-height=\"254\" aria-label=\"Third stanza of F.S. Key&#039;s poem\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThird stanza of F.S. Key's poem that became the \"Star Spangled Banner\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\thttps:\/\/www.nps.gov\/fomc\/learn\/historyculture\/francis-scott-key.htm\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/07-04_Dane-Hicks-cartoon_Anderson-County-Review.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"667b71e\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"07-04_Dane Hicks cartoon_Anderson County Review\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzMzMywidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2FkaGMubGliLnVhLmVkdVwvcGFuZGVtaWNib29rXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIxXC8wNlwvMDctMDRfRGFuZS1IaWNrcy1jYXJ0b29uX0FuZGVyc29uLUNvdW50eS1SZXZpZXcuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiNjY3YjcxZSJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/07-04_Dane-Hicks-cartoon_Anderson-County-Review-1024x881.jpg\" data-width=\"740\" data-height=\"637\" aria-label=\"Offensive cartoon of Kansas Governor wearing mask comparing her to a Nazi\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCartoon comparing Kansas Governor Kelly to a duped Polish Holocaust victim willingly getting on a cattle car.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-01e40a6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"01e40a6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-232c280\" data-id=\"232c280\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6d5807 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"e6d5807\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tVideos\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-818e723 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"818e723\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2e6fba6\" data-id=\"2e6fba6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b33cdbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"b33cdbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/mXD4zPY4Ai0&quot;,&quot;yt_privacy&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a896fb6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a896fb6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#8220;President Trump&#8217;s full speech at Mount Rushmore&#8221; <em>USA Today<\/em>, June 3, 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/mXD4zPY4Ai0\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/mXD4zPY4Ai0<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dcde1c6\" data-id=\"dcde1c6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2664d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"e2664d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/5D_hK5n5SS8&quot;,&quot;yt_privacy&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d199911 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d199911\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#8220;Native Americans protest Trump\u2019s Mt. Rushmore rally,&#8221; PBS NewsHour, June 4, 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/5D_hK5n5SS8\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/5D_hK5n5SS8<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a121db1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a121db1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-02967eb\" data-id=\"02967eb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-194f5be elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"194f5be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/38sxYtHRGGw&quot;,&quot;yt_privacy&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75cfb2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"75cfb2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Natasha Alford, &#8220;Why we &#8220;Lift Every Voice and Sing&#8221; | The story behind the &#8216;black national anthem&#8217;,&#8221; theGrio, October 7, 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/38sxYtHRGGw\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/38sxYtHRGGw<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bfa5f95\" data-id=\"bfa5f95\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-146154e elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"146154e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/IQLQm2UvHcw&quot;,&quot;yt_privacy&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03d97cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"03d97cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#8220;How &#8216;Born in the U.S.A.&#8217; made Bruce Springsteen a political figure,&#8221; <em>Politico<\/em>, June 4, 2014. https:\/\/youtu.be\/IQLQm2UvHcw<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c2a26a6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c2a26a6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f0b6d7e\" data-id=\"f0b6d7e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb90c5b elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"eb90c5b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tAudio\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-98dcb7b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"98dcb7b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c9e3e3a\" data-id=\"c9e3e3a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0c53ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d0c53ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('audio');<\/script><![endif]-->\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-6437-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/0830201607.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/0830201607.mp3\">https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/0830201607.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e79f2c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e79f2c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-entry\">Woolf, Christopher. \u201cHistorians Disagree on Whether \u2018The Star-Spangled Banner\u2019 Is Racist.\u201d The World from PRX, August 30, 2016. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2016-08-30\/historians-disagree-whether-star-spangled-banner-racist\">https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2016-08-30\/historians-disagree-whether-star-spangled-banner-racist<\/a>.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ae5c747 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ae5c747\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0e824e8\" data-id=\"0e824e8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f9810d elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"9f9810d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tDocuments\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a263bbc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a263bbc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-60bfb25\" data-id=\"60bfb25\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e7873b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e7873b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">*If the pdf thumbnails are not appearing, please reload the page.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-72e2c24 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"72e2c24\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ea5b2e\" data-id=\"4ea5b2e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fde3997 elementor-widget elementor-widget-pdf_viewer\" data-id=\"fde3997\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"pdf_viewer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/viewer?url=https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/07-04_Charles-E.-Rushmore-Mount-Rushmore-National-Memorial_NPS.pdf&amp;embedded=true\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 300px; height: 300px;\" frameborder=\"1\" marginheight=\"0px\" marginwidth=\"0px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67c11f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"67c11f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-entry\">National Park Service. \u201cCharles E. Rushmore &#8211; Mount Rushmore National Memorial (U.S. National Park Service),\u201d April 7, 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nps.gov\/moru\/learn\/historyculture\/charles-e-rushmore.htm\">https:\/\/www.nps.gov\/moru\/learn\/historyculture\/charles-e-rushmore.htm<\/a>.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c07fa69\" data-id=\"c07fa69\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ac7fa5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-pdf_viewer\" data-id=\"9ac7fa5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"pdf_viewer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/viewer?url=https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/07-04_Scientists-challenge-WHO-on-risk-of-coronavirus-aerosols_LA-Times.pdf&amp;embedded=true\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 300px; height: 300px;\" frameborder=\"1\" marginheight=\"0px\" marginwidth=\"0px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1704a96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1704a96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-entry\">Read, Richard. \u201cScientists Say WHO Ignores the Risk That Coronavirus Floats in Air as Aerosol.\u201d <em>Los Angeles Times<\/em>, July 4, 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/world-nation\/story\/2020-07-04\/coronavirus-airborne-spread\">https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/world-nation\/story\/2020-07-04\/coronavirus-airborne-spread<\/a>.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a35c51\" data-id=\"2a35c51\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a73a4ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-pdf_viewer\" data-id=\"a73a4ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"pdf_viewer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/viewer?url=https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Morawska-and-Milton-2020-It-Is-Time-to-Address-Airborne-Transmission-of-Cor.pdf&amp;embedded=true\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 300px; height: 300px;\" frameborder=\"1\" marginheight=\"0px\" marginwidth=\"0px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03368e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"03368e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-entry\">Morawska, Lidia, and Donald K Milton. \u201cIt Is Time to Address Airborne Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).\u201d <i>Clinical Infectious Diseases<\/i> 71, no. 9 (July 6, 2020): 2311\u201313. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa939\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa939<\/a>.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-12efa7e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"12efa7e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-950ec42\" data-id=\"950ec42\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdfe369 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"cdfe369\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tSocial Media\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e186ad6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e186ad6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6e21ac6\" data-id=\"6e21ac6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5840046 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5840046\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Come. On. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/VtfgrM8hIW\">pic.twitter.com\/VtfgrM8hIW<\/a><\/p>\n\u2014 The Lincoln Project (@ProjectLincoln) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ProjectLincoln\/status\/1278484113918431232?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 2, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">A large protest has gathered at the roadblock in front of the path up to Mount Rushmore. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/xpUnbCmbKg\">pic.twitter.com\/xpUnbCmbKg<\/a><\/p>\n\u2014 Erin Bormett (@EEBormett) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/EEBormett\/status\/1279163711454941190?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 3, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">HAPPENING NOW: The \u201cTexas Bars Fight Back\u201d protest is happening outside the Texas Capitol to protest the closing the bars statewide. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/NPLen0fFmF\">pic.twitter.com\/NPLen0fFmF<\/a><\/p>\n\u2014 Kacey Bowen (@KaceyonFox7) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/KaceyonFox7\/status\/1277998632701235201?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 30, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">While many cities across East Tennessee canceled their firework shows this year, Gatlinburg and Pigeon Forge did not.<\/p>\nHere\u2019s a look at the crowds downtown right now. Fireworks start at 11. <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/wbir?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@WBIR<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/1uwxQDtCKk\">pic.twitter.com\/1uwxQDtCKk<\/a>\n\n\u2014 Grace King WBIR (@gracelking) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/gracelking\/status\/1279565179404115975?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 4, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">A big THANK YOU to our first responders, police, and firefighters!! Fireworks started a fire in my neighborhood and they did a great job of stopping the spread! <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/ihatefireworks?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#ihatefireworks<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/afdincidents?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@afdincidents<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/austinfiredept?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@austinfiredept<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Austin_Police?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@Austin_Police<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/Tdi3M2Yijc\">pic.twitter.com\/Tdi3M2Yijc<\/a><\/p>\n\u2014 Wendy (@WriteTeachWendy) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/WriteTeachWendy\/status\/1279780265158742016?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 5, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">A Texas fireworks show was suddenly derailed by an explosion and fire on the ground below. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/AzuWxUY2gP\">pic.twitter.com\/AzuWxUY2gP<\/a><\/p>\n\u2014 USA TODAY (@USATODAY) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/USATODAY\/status\/1279896586487623680?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 5, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4cb7e8a\" data-id=\"4cb7e8a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ad54fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6ad54fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">CAL FIRE\/Riverside County Fire Dept is responding to a high influx of vegetation fires through out Riverside County. So far all are under 5 acres. We will continue to post updates on significant activity as situations warrant.\nReminder, fireworks are illegal in Riverside County <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/t8eBfcv773\">pic.twitter.com\/t8eBfcv773<\/a><\/p>\n\u2014 CAL FIRE\/Riverside County Fire Department (@CALFIRERRU) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/CALFIRERRU\/status\/1279647793016008705?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 5, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Hearing people setting off fireworks already while still in broad daylight proves to me it was never about the fireworks, but instead about the primal joy of knowing you\u2019re annoying your neighbors. There\u2019s nothing more American.<\/p>\n\u2014 riley of the other troy (@wrylyrogers) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/wrylyrogers\/status\/1279564525897838592?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 4, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Look at these rioting thugs and criminals lighting illegal fireworks, setting trees\/houses\/trash on fire, and blocking roads&#8230; but when protesters block roads and set cars on fire the whole police department is there with guns and gas? \ud83e\udd26\ud83c\udffe\u200d\u2642\ufe0f\ud83e\udd26\ud83c\udffe\u200d\u2642\ufe0f <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/8EuyLfyS2d\">https:\/\/t.co\/8EuyLfyS2d<\/a><\/p>\n\u2014 mike (@plsnotmike) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/plsnotmike\/status\/1279849725781356544?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 5, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/BreakingNews?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#BreakingNews<\/a> Police, fire respond to hundreds of fireworks calls involving fires, fights, injuries <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/A44YLbKoZB\">https:\/\/t.co\/A44YLbKoZB<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/wpxi?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#wpxi<\/a><\/p>\n\u2014 Lori Houy (@WPXI_Lori) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/WPXI_Lori\/status\/1279797658761207808?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 5, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The air is so smoky and polluted, it looks like there\u2019s a big brush fire somewhere in LA. No, just fireworks pollution from the nonstop illegal activity last night. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/xb6qa5ErAn\">https:\/\/t.co\/xb6qa5ErAn<\/a><\/p>\n\u2014 Kim Baldonado (@KimNBCLA) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/KimNBCLA\/status\/1279844926180610048?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 5, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Thank you to <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/LasVegasFD?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@lasvegasfd<\/a> and all local fire departments for responding to fires across the valley last night.<\/p>\nLVFR responded to 146 fires.\n\nSadly, several homes were damaged by fireworks \ud83d\udc94\n\n1,400 calls were handled by our 911 dispatch center for fire\/medical calls. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/sSHX5Al06y\">pic.twitter.com\/sSHX5Al06y<\/a>\n\n\u2014 City of Las Vegas (@CityOfLasVegas) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/CityOfLasVegas\/status\/1279807292909801472?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 5, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1325959\" data-id=\"1325959\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e25b77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3e25b77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">and can <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/elonmusk?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@elonmusk<\/a> be your VP? <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/VOGv4gxjeT\">pic.twitter.com\/VOGv4gxjeT<\/a><\/p>\n\u2014 SAINT (@saint) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/saint\/status\/1279575747573813248?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 5, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\ud83d\udcf8: 1\/4 acre brush fire off 18th St W and Xelda Ave, started by fireworks. Fire is out, but we are still mopping up the area. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/QQHgxlVvyb\">pic.twitter.com\/QQHgxlVvyb<\/a><\/p>\n\u2014 Lehigh Acres Fire Control and Rescue District (@LehighAcresFD) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/LehighAcresFD\/status\/1279897470252843009?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 5, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">This home on Turtle St. in Syracuse was destroyed in a fire last night after a firework landed on the roof, the homeowners say. The family of 6 made it out safely. Tonight, their message to Syracuse. <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/CNYCentral?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@CNYCentral<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/ENoRwzPbtC\">pic.twitter.com\/ENoRwzPbtC<\/a><\/p>\n\u2014 Tony Black (@tonyblacknews) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/tonyblacknews\/status\/1279863036795408387?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 5, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Seattle firefighters had a busy 4th of July, responding to brush fires across the City and this apartment fire in West Seattle. Crews made a quick stop to this fire, and prevented it from spreading to the entire building. Fire caused by fireworks.\n\nPhoto cred: <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/westseattleher?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@westseattleher<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/jf0BTijX8V\">pic.twitter.com\/jf0BTijX8V<\/a><\/p>\n\u2014 Seattle Fire Dept. (@SeattleFire) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/SeattleFire\/status\/1279851455931768833?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 5, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Gavin Newsom orders 19 California counties to shut down indoor dining, bars again<a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/JzFXLafNQE\">https:\/\/t.co\/JzFXLafNQE<\/a><\/p>&mdash; Sophia Bollag (@SophiaBollag) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/SophiaBollag\/status\/1278408834000683008?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 1, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote> <script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script> \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0bd0f3b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0bd0f3b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d590c9\" data-id=\"7d590c9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be62e59 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"be62e59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tAdditional Links\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-73307ff elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"73307ff\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3cb918a\" data-id=\"3cb918a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a2f741 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a2f741\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><ul><li class=\"csl-entry\">CBS SF. \u201cJuly 4: San Francisco Firefighters Battle More Than 100 Blazes Triggered By Fireworks.\u201d KPIX CBS 5 SF Bay, July 4, 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com\/2020\/07\/04\/july-4th-san-francisco-fighters-battling-numerous-blazes-triggered-by-illegal-fireworks\/\">https:\/\/sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com\/2020\/07\/04\/july-4th-san-francisco-fighters-battling-numerous-blazes-triggered-by-illegal-fireworks\/<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><ul><li class=\"csl-entry\">Davis, Lex. \u201cMore People Are Using Fireworks in 2020, and It\u2019s Causing Major Injuries.\u201d USC News, July 1, 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/news.usc.edu\/172644\/illegal-fireworks-injuries-2020-trauma-center-burn-unit-lac-usc\/\">https:\/\/news.usc.edu\/172644\/illegal-fireworks-injuries-2020-trauma-center-burn-unit-lac-usc\/<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><ul><li class=\"csl-entry\">Jouvenal, Justin. \u201cMedical Assistants, Cooks and Cleaners Also Face Risks on the Front Lines of the Covid-19 Crisis, but with Low Pay and Little Recognition.\u201d <i>Washington Post<\/i>, July 4, 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/local\/medical-assistants-cooks-and-cleaners-also-face-risks-on-the-front-lines-of-the-covid-crisis-but-with-low-pay-and-little-recognition\/2020\/07\/04\/3a8e982a-b0c3-11ea-856d-5054296735e5_story.html\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/local\/medical-assistants-cooks-and-cleaners-also-face-risks-on-the-front-lines-of-the-covid-crisis-but-with-low-pay-and-little-recognition\/2020\/07\/04\/3a8e982a-b0c3-11ea-856d-5054296735e5_story.html<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><ul><li class=\"csl-entry\">Levenson, Michael. \u201cKansas G.O.P. Official Removes Cartoon Comparing Mask Order to Holocaust.\u201d <i>The New York Times<\/i>, July 4, 2020, sec. U.S. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/07\/04\/us\/anderson-county-review-laura-kelly-holocaust-cartoon.html\">https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/07\/04\/us\/anderson-county-review-laura-kelly-holocaust-cartoon.html<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><ul><li class=\"csl-entry\">Newsmax. \u201cPresident Trump\u2019s July 3 Mount Rushmore Speech,\u201d July 4, 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsmax.com\/us\/mount-rushmore-speech-transcript-july-3\/2020\/07\/04\/id\/975688\/\">https:\/\/www.newsmax.com\/us\/mount-rushmore-speech-transcript-july-3\/2020\/07\/04\/id\/975688\/<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><ul><li class=\"csl-entry\">News Sources. \u201cDrunk People Cannot Socially Distance, Say England Police.\u201d <em>AlJazeera<\/em>, July 5, 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/7\/5\/drunk-people-cannot-socially-distance-say-england-police\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/7\/5\/drunk-people-cannot-socially-distance-say-england-police<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><ul><li class=\"csl-entry\">Swan, Rachel, and Michael Cabanatuan. \u201c\u2018It\u2019s Burning down the City\u2019: Fires Linked to Fireworks Erupt across SF, Bay Area Saturday Night.\u201d <em>San Francisco Chronicle<\/em>, July 5, 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sfchronicle.com\/bayarea\/article\/Fire-churns-through-four-acres-in-McLaren-Park-15386762.php\">https:\/\/www.sfchronicle.com\/bayarea\/article\/Fire-churns-through-four-acres-in-McLaren-Park-15386762.php<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><ul><li class=\"csl-entry\">Wenner, Gretchen. \u201cFireworks Calls Flooded Local Agencies on Fourth of July.\u201d <em>USA Today<\/em>, July 5, 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/local\/communities\/county\/2020\/07\/05\/fireworks-calls-flooded-local-agencies-fourth-july\/5381226002\/\">https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/local\/communities\/county\/2020\/07\/05\/fireworks-calls-flooded-local-agencies-fourth-july\/5381226002\/<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><ul><li class=\"csl-entry\">Wynne, Kelly. \u201cHere Are the Best Digital Fireworks to Watch July 4, 2020.\u201d <i>Newsweek<\/i>, July 4, 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/here-are-best-digital-fireworks-watch-july-4-2020-1515172\">https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/here-are-best-digital-fireworks-watch-july-4-2020-1515172<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><ul><li class=\"csl-entry\">Zeitchik, Steven. \u201cWhy Disney Plus\u2019s July 4 Streaming of \u2018Hamilton\u2019 Is Historic.\u201d <i>Washington Post<\/i>, June 24, 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/business\/2020\/06\/24\/hamilton-july4-disneyplus-streaming\/\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/business\/2020\/06\/24\/hamilton-july4-disneyplus-streaming\/<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3bd74d4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3bd74d4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-60a96df\" data-id=\"60a96df\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44bfe60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"44bfe60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">* Timeline summaries at the top of the page come from a variety of sources:, including The American Journal of Managed Care COVID-19 Timeline (https:\/\/www.ajmc.com\/view\/a-timeline-of-covid19-developments-in-2020), the Just Security Group at the NYU School of Law (https:\/\/www.justsecurity.org\/69650\/timeline-of-the-coronavirus-pandemic-and-u-s-response\/), the &#8220;10 Things,&#8221; daily entries from The Week (theweek.com), as well as a variety of newspapers and television programs.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Saturday, July 4 &#8211; Independence Day US Cases 2.85 millionUS Deaths 130,020 Jun 30: In his appearance before the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee,\u00a0Fauci warns that while the current daily number of new cases in the United States is hovering around 40,000, that could reach as high as 100,000 new cases per day &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/07-04\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;07-04&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"folder":[9],"class_list":["post-6437","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6437","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6437"}],"version-history":[{"count":136,"href":"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6437\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18984,"href":"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6437\/revisions\/18984"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6437"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adhc.lib.ua.edu\/pandemicbook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/folder?post=6437"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}