Category: Reviews

The Green Knight Animation

I watched Sir Gawain and the Green Knight the Animated Epics 2002. There are many similar properties to the book version and the animated version, but there are a few noticeable differences. To start off the beginning of the animated version they did not have the other knights and the giving of the women. The Green Knight did arrive and offer the challenge to the court and he held out an ax for them to deliver the killing blow. In the animated version and the book version King Arthur was the one who decided to first take the challenge upon himself. When Sir Gawain delivered the head separating blow, however there was no kicking and playing around of the severed body part. Another thing that the animated version did not explain is how Sir Gawain decided not to go and seek the Green Knight until the very last moment. Both version did show how Sir Gawain came upon a man and his home and how he was able to stay with the man and his wife and the older female that was present. The deal that they made to trade the hunt of each day for what was able to be attained in the castle was also depicted in the animation version as well. The animated version of this story was great with the details about each animal that the hunter killed each day that he went out. The kisses that Sir Gawain received from the home owners wife and how he swapped those kisses for the spoil of the hunt was depicted as well. On  the other hand a difference that came about in the animation that was more profound in the book is the seduction of the wife of the house to Sir Gawain. In the book version she was very persuasive and in the animation she lacked a little of the luster. When it comes to the 3rd day, as well, when she wanted a gift from Sir Gawain and wanted him to take something from her she offered less items than in the book version. He did accept the green sash and went to the Green Knight’s chapel. Once at the chapel and he had to take the swing from the Green Knight they did express that he flinched on the first swing, but in the book version he states how he will not flinch for the next swing and it made him seem more manly. In the animated version when he flinched they portrayed him as more cowardly and scared. The animated version also fails to show how the one behind the Green Knight was lady Le Fay. Sir Gawain does return to the court with the sash and admits to his short comings and the court does adapt the tradition of wearing the green sash. The main ideas and the moral of the book version of the story where executed well in the animated version even though there where a few changes and omissions from the original.

Final study guide

 

EN 205 Final Review

 

  1. Paradise Lost by John Milton 1897-1901, 1943-64, 1987-92 lines 1-265, 2003-2024
    1. Book I…
      1. Man’s disobedience. Touches upon prime causes of his fall-Satan
      2. Poem begins with Satan and his angels now fallen into Hell
  • Satan and his angels on the burning lake
  1. Pandemonium is built
  2. Satan sees God as a tyrant, monarchial…didn’t view God as Almighty until he lost the battle against Him
  3. God is vengeful
  1. Book III
    1. God sees Satan rising from Hell and going to Earth…He can see what will come of this…
    2. Jesus is at his right hand
  • God says the only way man can be saved is by a sacrifice…Jesus offers himself up
  1. Satan changes into a cherub and deceives Uriel, an archangel, who points out the way to Paradise
  1. Book IV
    1. Setting is in Eden
    2. Sin (Satan’s daughter) is like Eve
      1. Both described as attractive grace
      2. Eve is prefigured by grace…kind of
      3. It’s as if Eve has already fallen by the general way she’s described
  • Adam and Eve aren’t equal “not equal as their sex not equal seemed
  1. Look divine and tall
    1. Adam’s hair: round from his parted forelock, shoulder length, neat
    2. Eve’s hair: golden tresses wore disheveled but in wonton ringlets (something already going wrong) …waved as the vine curls her tendrils…goes to her waist…her hair is like the vegetation
  2. Adam made from God and Eve is made for Adam not God…she isn’t getting unmediated access of God like Adam
  3. Adam made for contemplation and valor…think strong and brave
  • Eve is made for sweetness, softness, and grace
  • Adam’s hair shows he is superior…Eve seems like she doesn’t know what she’s doing
  1. Eve is made in Adam’s image and doesn’t have complete access to God
  2. Satan has a sense he can’t be forgiven …God says he won’t be forgiven
  1. An Essay on Man by Alexander Pope…2665-68, 2713-21
    1. Heroic couplet 1732-34
    2. Attempts to vindicate God’s ways to man
    3. Pope was a professional poet, crippled, and Catholic
    4. Satirical poet…king of satire
    5. Chain of being
      1. An orderly universal hierarchy that extends from God at the top to the basest creature on Earth
      2. Whatever is, is right
    6. 17-34
      1. can’t think more than what we have had through experiences
      2. through world’s unnumberedà vastness of god
        1. God’s knowledge is immense…have you seen other planets
        2. ***great chain
        3. uses rhetorical question throughout poem
  • humans don’t have knowledge of the future better to not know bad events are coming = metaphor of the lamb who licked the hand that was about to kill it…give us hope for the future if we don’t know bad is a-comin’ 77-81
  1. If man moves beyond his position in the chain of being the balance will be broken and the whole chain will break…domino effect 244-46…for whom does this chain break
  2. Does think God is just =…bad things happen to good people…yet cry if man’s unhappy and God’s unjust
  3. Destroy all creatures for thy sport or gust, yet cry, if man’s unhappy God’s unjust. Man is prideful…man believes entire world is crafted to serve manà Pope doesn’t like
  • Blames God more for bad people…reverse of what we think…why blame God for some things and not others
  1. From the slides:
    1. Argues for a Chain of Being, an orderly universal hierarchy that extends from God at the top down to the basest creature on earth
    2. Originally a classical idea from ancient Greece and Rome, but widely discussed and revamped in the 18th century
  • God is at the top, then the angels, followed by humans, who have a sort of middle position on the chain
  1. Despite its seemingly chaotic appearance, the universe is rational and orderly: “Whatever IS, is Right” (294)
  • Milun by Marie De France 142-54, 140-2…. fake and convenient deaths
    1. Marie writes a lot about adultery
    2. Integrationà family was together
    3. Disintegrationà illegitimate child, child tries to find him (Milun goes on adventure)
    4. Reintegrationà son and dad finds one another and reunite with mom
    5. 2 reunions à father and son and family
    6. unnamed lady made decision to part, she makes decision for child…sawà he makes decision…exchange letters in a swan
    7. dad decides wedding
    8. Milun goes away by his own accord
    9. Final decision to get back together could be either
    10. Son (milun and noble girl’s child) was raised by beloved sister
    11. Milun goes away after he delivers the son to the sister and his lover is married off…She could be sold into slavery or tortured if her sexual relationship with Milun were discovered…the woman doesn’t even have enough freedom to die
  1. Lanval by Marie De France 154-67
    1. Fairy Mistress…a common element in celtic literature
      1. Geis: prohibition on him … can’t tell anyone about her or he will never see her again
      2. Much of Lanval’s behavior was uncharacteristic to what was believed typical of a medieval knight…his character shifted the view of male gender roles by Lanval representing vulnerability instead of the woman
  • Arthur’s wife, Guinevere, tries to seduce lanval and he denies her…she accuses him of homosexuality…he tells her about the lady that loves him and breaks his geis..the lady saves lanval in the end by appearing when he is about to be condemned to death
  1. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 183-96, 196-209, 209-15 line 1401…215-238
    1. Integration: unity at the beginning in King Arthur’s court
    2. Gawain is put to the test…pearl, patience, and purity are poems
    3. Beheading game story in it
    4. Hubrisàexaggerated pride and self confidence
    5. Wagerà chop off green knight’s head and Gawain has to be subject to the same thing…Gawain has to find green knight to fulfill promise
    6. King Arthur’s court is where the great and good gathered…luminous, chivalrous, courteous, wonderful, nobler, rowdy, joyous, prideful, prestigious, vibrant…Green knight mocked Arthur’s court
    7. Gawain does fulfill promise but doesn’t get his head chopped off and instead just gets cut as a symbol…
  2. Countess of Pembroke’s Arcadia by sir Philip Sidney
    1. Sidney put into the work more of his thoughts on statecraft (responsibilities of a king or queen, evils of rebellion, duties of ministers, judges, and advisors of state than his description of the arcadia as mere entertainment suggests…
    2. Prince of Macedon: pyrocles falls in love with Philoclea, daughter of Dailius and Gynecia, king ad queen of Arcadia. To gain enterence to the royal household he disguises himself as the Amazon woman Zelmane. Basilus falls in love with Zelmane, Gynecia sees through his disguise and falls in love with pyrocles himself
  • Countess of Montgomery’s Urania by Mary Wroth 1560-66
    1. Breaks the romance convention of a plot centered on courtship, portraying instead married heroines and their love relationships, both inside and outside of marriage.
    2. Urania goes into a cave and finds a man weeping over his lost love he was also writing a sonnet… In a cave…
  • Whoso list to hunt, Sir Thomas Wyatt 646-7, 649
    1. The speaker keeps going after a deer he is hunting even though he is losing interest…he knows he won’t catch the doe but neither will anyone else who tries. The female deer represents a woman.
  1. Into & Alas! So all things now do hold their peace, Henry Howard Earl of Surrey 661-664
    1. The speaker’s inner torment is contrasted with the peacefulness of God’s creations…his torment is caused by his love for a woman
  2. To His Coy Mistress, Andrew Marvell, 1789-90,1796-97
    1. Carpe diem poem
    2. Witty and urbane speaker
    3. Balanced and artful couplets
    4. Rapid shifts from the world of fantasy to the charnal house of reality raising questions as to whether this is a clever seduction poem or probing of existential angst…., and whether Marvell intends to endorse or critique the speaker’s view of passion and sex
    5. In the poem, speaker is trying to convince lover to act on her passions…he doesn’t want to see her die a virgin…they won’t be young forever so they need to act upon it while they can
  3. King Lear, Shakespeare 1166-70, 1251-77, 1277-1309, 1309-39
    1. Shakespeare borrowed from other people and made them better
    2. Historicalàannesley case…Lear had a happy ending…love test doesn’t have much of a purpose…Shakespeare’s Lear would’ve shocked the audience…2 versions of Lear: folio (100 lines not in quarto) and quarto (contains 300 lines not in folio)…Nahum Tate rewrote Lear to give it a happy ending and his version was performed for 100s of years…one a family drama the other more a kingdom drama (statesman) folio version was this…
      1. Kent mad at turmoil between father and daughter
    3. Act I & II
      1. A family drama and kingdom drama
      2. Kent vouched for Cordelia “be Kent unmannerly when Lear is mad”…commits to plain speech “bowed to flattery” à Lear a pushover…flattery from daughters who falsely say they love Lear…shaves beard…fights Oswald, tripped him then Act II he just started fighting him and accuses Oswald of trying to rise above his position
  • Oswald was going to deliver letters to Regan so Goneril and Regan mistreat Lear equally. Kent is upset bc Oswald carries letters against the king
  1. Edmund plots against brother by forging letter from Edgar that says he wants to kill Gloucester (their dad) and Edgar gets exiled as a result and dresses as a beggar “poor Tom” who escaped from an insane asylum…Edmund cuts himself to make it more believable…Edmund was the one who told Edgar to leave
  2. Gloucester’s house is the main scene location in Act II
  3. Words or images repeated
    1. Nature is unnatural. See/sight/eyesight…Gloucester has eyes plucked out by Cornwall…”nothing and nothingness
    2. Nature or natural
    3. Environment…”in our nature” à instinctive
    4. Unnatural…forced/fake
    5. Where nature doth where merit challenge Quarto and Folio write this line differently F adds the word nature…line is unclear whether or not nature is in conflict with merit
      1. If it was merit it would be Cordelia and if its nature then it would be divided evenly amongst 3 daughters
    6. Nature aligned with destinyà eclipse…Elizabethans would believe astronomical event would foretell something unnatural in life
    7. Edmund believes in individual uncontrolled destiny…nature doesn’t exist
  4. Acts III & IV
    1. Money and power
    2. Talked about where power comes from and what makes someone powerful
  • In Lear
    1. Power comes from inheritance
    2. Edmund rises and falls…framed brother…makes other seem lower…conflict between old and new order
    3. Fate…Edmund argues and it also works against him
    4. Money
      1. Financial resources to get kingdom
      2. 1320 line 86-87 Nature is above art in that respect…there’s your press money…
      3. 1321 line 144: Lear knows Gloucester has no money…Gloucester gave the rest to Edgar…Edgar worries that Gloucester will die from the stress of just thinking about falling off a cliff
      4. overall idea about money or power this play promotes? Power corrupts the best and attracts the worst
      5. socialism support
        1. 1310 line 70 do distribution…dost thou know dover
        2. and show the heavens more just… 1299 31-35
          1. say no to fate and get rich to put themselves in the place of the poor
  • Oswald was trying to move up socially
  1. Lear exposed to hardship he changes his ideas
  1. Act V
    1. Most dramatic
    2. Gloucester’s heart bursts (dead)
  • Wheel has come full circleàlady fortune
  1. Limited good society- Gloucester’s lines…only so much to go around
  2. Gloucester tends to blame the heavens
  3. Edmund doesn’t blame the heavens but at the end of the play he talks about fortune
  • Lear blames gods…priest like king…Lear loses faith in the gods
  • Mary Honywood blackboard
    1. Older brother not very good…Lear similarities…real sense of karma
    2. Oldest gets most land…father keeps some money for himself (440 pounds)…not a writer’s duty to make the world better…catharsisà purging of emotions
  • Sam Johnsen’s
    1. Unities: action, time, and place…2 of the 3 unities Shakespeare breaks
    2. Play shouldn’t jump locations
    3. Shakespeare breaks unities in Learà subplots: Gloucester and his sons and Lear and his daughters…location changes
    4. Johnsen doesn’t think Lear is justified in breaking unities
    5. Tragedy invokes pity and fear
  • Ben Johnson’s Volpone 2841-43, 2936-47
    1. City comedyà more realistic…fable…takes place in Venice
    2. Main theme is money…proto capitalism
    3. Gold is even brighter than the sun…makes me do crazy things…hell worth it if you have enough gold
    4. Gets money by pretending to be sick and everyone wants his money so they bring him gifts
    5. Castrone was venetian…mosca a fly or parasite…corbaccio a raven, ravens abandon young, can’t hear well, gullible…corvino crow…gets jealous easily but prostitutes wife…peregrine on outskirts during fight…politic would be- thug, schemer, over sharer…all characters except benario and Celia care only about money…volpone a fox
    6. Benario interrupts volpone from trying to rape Celia
    7. Lady would be- over sharer, wants last word every time
    8. Lady would be and luxury
      1. Politic would be and is wife are basically parrots
    9. Commodified bodies
      1. Corvino doesn’t believe in honor, touch gold wont diminish its value, old decrepit wretch- volpone…other people have to feed him
        1. Celia wants to protect honor, says he’ll hand a slave with his wife outside (try to destroy her honor)
      2. In the end justice is served and mosca becomes a slave and Volpone is thrown in jail
    10. Wife’s Lament 120-22
      1. Her husband, who is also lord of the people, up and left for unknown reasons. The wife is filled with sadness and when she set out to find him their people stopped her and forced her to live in a cave in a forest…she doesn’t seem to terribly upset by being exiled to a cave in the forest…it just adds to her sadness but she feels like her whole life is a bucket of tears anyways now…so, now she has a place she can weep…woe to all who have to suffer the longing for a loved one.
  • wife of bath’s prologue and tale 282-310
    1. Main interests- husbands and sex…knight raped a woman and had to figure out what all women want
    2. I can be beautiful and unfaithful or ugly and faithfulà whatever she wants
    3. Marriage isn’t sinful…make this argument against the church fathers especially st. Paul
    4. 3 husbands old and 2 aware young…all die
    5. she has the longest prologue…takes virginity off its pedestal
    6. gets interrupted twice during her prologue…
    7. 5th husband beats her…she confirms medieval woman standards…5th husband reads a book about women and they fight over it
    8. first marriage at 12…old, wealthy, and boring…cheats on them…economic reasons to marry a widow…
    9. 4th husband makes her jealous so she makes him jealous…5th was a clerk
    10. similarities between knight and prologueà don’t give over woman control…knight like all her husbands…
    11. if women have mastery then they have equality…equality vs matriarchy
    12. knight obeying lady…wife of bath is presenting equality in marriage
    13. authority vs experienceà Jacob married more than 1 woman and so did Solomon… Men and women are the same they just look different…chastity is frailty…quotes St. Paul and how he advocated for virginity…if you can’t control temptations then its better to get married than burn with lust
    14. genitals there for a purposeà procreation or sex
    15. argues for polygamy…against virginity and for men to have complete dominance over wives
    16. progressive tale bc she tries to equalize roles with men…argues against church…women’s experience in marriage is a valid counterpart to the authority of the male writers
  • Arraignment of women, Swetnum 1650-52
    1. Sarcastic tone
    2. Women were made a helper unto man…yeah, someone who just helps spend all a man’s hard earned pay.
    3. Women made from the rib of man, crooked nature because of it…she procured man’s fall
    4. Those who marry do well, those who don’t do better
  • A Muzzle for Melastomus, Rachel Speight 1652-55
    1. Accuses swetnum of “dishonoring God by palpable blasphemy and perverting scripture…” accuses him of not interpreting scripture correctly, and for having a bad argument
    2. Woman didn’t know she was naked until after man sinned
    3. A woman sinned against herself, God, and her husband…Adam sinned against himself and God…. she had no malicious intent to share the fruit but wanted Adam to partake in her happiness.
    4. By woman Satan will be conquered aka Jesus
    5. Male and female are all in one in Christà Paul
    6. Eve made from Adam’s rib, nearest his heart, to be his equal…she didn’t resemble anything but man (so she didn’t look like a fish or anything therefore she is equal) …woman made to glorify God and glorify God through her body…she is a companion to man
  • Will Gouge 1655-60
    1. Serious tone…uses Bible but is serious about it…book of the courtier-how to act…text designed to instruct…women made from rib…close to heart, but head superior to the head in many respects…most excellent part of the body next to the head
    2. Made distinction between equality and equity…equity meaning shares in something…wife has share in family but father is similar to God and God is superior to Mary therefore husband is above wife…extent of subjectionà even a bad husband is superior to his wife
  1. Amelia Lanyer 1430-36
    1. Adam was told not to eat the fruit, not Eve…If Adam is superior he should’ve been able to resist…Eve was curious and wanted knowledge
    2. Why women shouldn’t be accused by menà don’t be so harsh to women because you came from women and were nourished by women
    3. …both layer and Pilate’s wife have a dream about it
    4. pg 1432à men came from women
    5. pg1433à Christ came from a woman…no man was involved in the conception of Christ…she’s less radical…defending women more
    6. Lanyer and the fall
      1. Women were obedient…Adam was king of the Earth and knew not to eat the fruit (didn’t say no) Eve gave him the fruit because she was full of love…If eve did err it was for knowledge and Adam fell just because it was pretty….
      2. Similar to Speightà wasn’t malicious when she get Adam to eat the fruit…man took knowledge from the woman…if eve was evil, she was made from Adam so he’s evil
  • Man betrayed God by condemning Jesus…she finishes poem brining back childbirth
  • Some reflections upon marriage Mary Astell 2420-24
    1. Most marriages are unhappy but a good number aren’t…men tend to qualify a spouse based off of what she will bring, how many acres, and how much money…there could be no real kindness between those who can agree to make each other miserable (on those who marry for love)…estates shouldn’t be the main or only consideration for a spouse…happiness doesn’t depend on wealth.
    2. No difference between marrying for money and marrying for love of beauty bc man doesn’t act according to reason in either case.
    3. If you marry for beauty, bad for you because beauty doesn’t last…if you marry for wit bad again because it won’t always be agreeable
    4. Neither sex is always in the right
    5. “what poor woman is ever taught that she should have a higher design than to get her a husband” … “a husband is such a wonder-working name as to make an equality, or something more, whenever it is pronounced.”
    6. If women were taught the world they would marry more discreetly and behave themselves better in a married state
    7. If women were to become more educated they’d become too good for men. Stupid to think this…If women become more educated this should encourage men to rise up and to stop wasting their time…women more difficult to be corrupted
    8. If women were given time to think about their options they may not marry off in haste…honorable for a woman to give up her desires and go to the holy life
  • Reflections Upon Marriage Mary Astell, 3018-22
    1. “is it by exhorting women not to expect to have their own will in anything, but to be entirely submissive when once they have made choice of a lord and master, though he happens not to be so wise, so kind, or even so just a governor as was expected?”
    2. man guided by appetites not reason…don’t do what they ought but what they can
    3. man doesn’t think lower of himself because another has superior power…or not capable of a post of honor because he isn’t preferred to it…
    4. If a state doesn’t have absolute sovereignty, why does a family?… if all men are born free how come women are born slaves…
    5. Widows and maids without fathers owe their subjection to who…whoever it is he needs to teach them to improve their reason…it will be beneficial for all in the long run…women aren’t united well enough to form an insurrection…women come to love their chains…but they have a bit of “masculine ambition”
    6. Women who are fine with being submissive should be left alone…don’t even try to get them to a different level of understanding…these women are called “very women or good devout women”
    7. “author of nature and fountain of all perfection never designed that the mean and imperfect, but that the most complete and excellent, of his creatures in every kind should be standard to the rest.”

 

 

english final study guide

Final Study Guide

Paradise Lost

  • Written by  John Milton
  • Inverted syntax
  • Book I
    • Adam and Even are mentioned (man’s first disobedience)
    • Location is hell and the angels are cast out of heaven
    • Satan thought he was better than God and rallies the fallen angels
    • Satan will make the best of being in hell and would rather “reign in hell, then serve in heaven”
  • Book III
    • We are in heaven as the setting
    • God and Jesus are encountered in this book
    • Humans do have free will
  • How is Satan “good”?
    • Why did God put Satan on a high pedestal and make him so great if he knew how he would turn out?
    • Constant serving of God
  • Book IV
    • Garden of Eden is the setting
    • Sin is born out of the left side of Satan’s head
    • Adam and Even “not equal”, Adam is made from God
    • Adam
      • Tall, looked beautiful, curly hair
      • Made for thinking things and bravery
      • Orderly and manly
    • Eve
      • Hair is curly and messy
      • Made to be grace and soft
      • Darker meaning behind messy hair

An Essay on Man

  • Written by : Alexander Pope
  • Philosophical poem written in heroic couplets, published between 1732 and 1734
  • Part of a larger work that Pope planned but did not finish
  • Known as “King of Satire”
  • Attempts to vindicate the ways of God to man
  • Chain of Being – Theme of Essay on Man
    • Orderly universal hierarchy that extends from God at the top down to the lowest creature on earth
    • Originally a classical idea from Ancient Greece and Rome
    • God is at the top, then angels, followed by humans, who have a sort of middle position on the chain
    • Despite seemingly chaotic appearance, the universe is rational and orderly “Whatever IS, is Right” (294)

Marie de France

  • Wrote in Anglo-Norman time period
  • First written of chivalric tales
  • Breton Lay : short narrative poem in verse
  • Integration
  • Disintegration
  • Reintegration
  • Milun is the main character
  • The women made the most decision throughout
    • She makes the decision that they should be together, the child
  • Milun uses swans to send messages back and forth
  • The woman would be sold into slavery or killed if they find out about her child (pregnant)
  • The woman is confined and Milun and the son wander
  • Fairy Mistress
    • Common element of Celtic literature
    • Usually involves a woman of some sort of magical land crossing over in the mortal realm to take her lover
    • She poses a geis, or prohibition on him, which he later breaks and gets punished, often by withdrawal of his mistress love
    • Lanval breaks the trend insofar as the faire mistress still comes to Lanval’s defense even after he broke the prohibition
    • Importance of faithfulness, but not typically in marriage
  • Lanval
    • Seems weak doesn’t act like a true knight
      • Quick to defend that he is not gay
    • Trapped by fairy mistress’ beauty or spell
      • Commands him to leave
    • Chivalric

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

  • Start in King Arthur’s Court
    • Celebrating Christmas festivities
  • Author from northwest England but is unknown
  • Knights
    • Loyal, honorable, chivalric, happy, rowdy, prideful, prestigious, vibrant
  • Chivalrous
    • Rules for chivalry
  • Knight is pledged to kill – being true to your word
  • Code of Knight
    • Loyal to whatever fighting for
    • Virtuous
    • Kind
    • Brotherly love
    • Skilled
  • Disintegration forms a bulk of the story
  • Significance of number 3
  • Hunting and seduction : author intertwines and highlights how they are action and human’s behavior
  • Fox (on the 3RD day) : sly, deceptive, symbolizes Gawain lying on the 3RD day

Sidney’s Arcadia and Wroth’s Urania

  • Desire driving plot
    • Everyone is miserable with desire
    • Desire push people to/past extreme boundaries
  • When Zelmane is Pyrocles, he is referred to as “she”
    • Only time Zelmane is “he” when queen is speaking
      • Queen knows what is happening
    • Urania
      • Written by : Mary Wroth, Sir Philip Sidney’s niece
      • Written after the Roman was no longer a popular genre and clearly modeled after her Uncle’s Aracdia
      • Breaks with convention by portraying married heroines, rather than knights on an adventure
      • Contains intertwined stories with hidden meanings
      • Women are much more constant than men in general, in Urania

King Lear

  • Written by: William Shakespeare
  • 2 versions of Lear
    • Quarto: page folded twice, modernized
    • Folio: full pages, more old English
  • Written as a tragedy
  • King Lear Acts III and IV – Money and Power
    • Getting the inheritance makes you powerful in Lear
    • Fate can make a person powerful

Volpone

  • Written by : Ben Johnson
  • Called a city comedy
    • More realistic comedy
  • Fable
  • Takes place in Venice, Italy
  • Satirical
  • Each character name corresponds with name of animal
  • Main theme is money
    • Pre-capitalism

Querelle des Femmes

  • Querelle des femmes = controversy over women
  • Began to peak in England during 1540s as writers published treatises related to Henry VIIIs multiple wives, followed by a proliferation of discourse surrounding England’s queens, first Mary and then Elizabeth and the many matches she resisted

QUIZLET LINK – IMPORTANT TERMS TO KNOW

https://quizlet.com/247350156/final-study-guide-flash-cards/?new

 

Gulliver’s Travels Film Adaptation

             

Film Adaptation of Gulliver’s Travels: Similarities and Differences

Gulliver’s Travels was written during the eighteenth century by the author, Jonathan Swift. Since then, there have been a few films produced reenacting the tale of Gulliver on his voyage to Lilliput and his adventures there. The original tale is somewhat different than what the film shows and it’s interesting to notice as well as analyze those differences to see how the outcome of the story differs from the film.

The film production that I watched was Gulliver’s Travels, the 2010 version starring Jack Black. The movie overall followed the general story line of the book, but most of the details within the movie were completely different. I will go through the film in chronological order, depicting the similarities and differences as they appeared in the movie.

The film started out with Gulliver working in the mailroom. He was what you could consider “lower class” which would be the same class as Gulliver from the original story version. Being that the movie is very new, the entire production was very modernized. When discussing the similarities, the movie was not always identical but it was similar enough to keep the central idea of the book. When Gulliver is working in the mailroom, he is upset that he isn’t doing much with his life and he works for people who are much higher up than he is. He has a crush on a lady named Darcy, who he delivers mail to and that is where his adventure begins. He goes to ask her out on a date, yet chickens out and makes an excuse as to why he was in her office. He grabs a file on her desk saying he just came to pick it up. She explains to him that it is paperwork for a trip to the Bermuda triangle for an article to write. He says he can easily write and that he will take the trip. He plagiarizes his writing to show her that he can write rather well. He leaves for the trip the next day. He receives his own boat called the “Knot For Sale” and he sets off to the Bermuda Triangle. The entire beginning of the movie is different than the book being that it is so modernized. The book never showed a love interest, and in fact, within the book, it says that Gulliver got married before his voyage to a woman named Mary. Another interesting difference was the name of Gulliver’s boat. In the movie it was “Knot For Sale” to show some humor. In the book his boat was named “Antelope”. In the film, Gulliver said that he had never traveled before but told Darcy that he had in order to impress her. The book states that Gulliver in fact went on many voyages prior to the once discussed and was very interested in navigation and adventure.

Both the book and the movie had Gulliver set out on his voyage and had a massive storm hit leading Gulliver to wake up on the island of Lilliput. Both the book and the movie showed how the Lilliputians tied him up and were walking all over him. An interesting note to make was that the people of Lilliput within the book did not speak the same language as Gulliver. The first words they said in the book was “Hekinah Degul”. In the movie they spoke English probably to make the film easier to follow. The story continues and eventually the Lilliputians trust Gulliver when he saves them from an attack from their rivals. In the movie they brag about their skills in building and they build Gulliver and entire palace. The book also mentions their skills in architecture by saying “these people are most excellent mathematicians and arrived to great perfection in mechanics”.

Later on within the movie, Lilliput is attacked and the building is set on fire. Gulliver urinates on the building, stops the fire and saves Lilliput. In the book, the same thing happens except for Gulliver is charged with treason and public urination. The movie did not have any of this happen and they praised him even more. The book explained the differences that Lilliput had with their enemies and explained the factions. The movie never once mentioned this and I think that the factions were an important part of the story and shouldn’t have been left out. Gulliver is then banned from Lilliput because he is charged with lying about certain adventures that he told everyone that he went on so they ban him and take him to be a prisoner at Brobdignag, the land of the giants. The only thing in the movie that happened there was he was in a dollhouse of a giant child. His Lilliput friend comes and rescues him and they go back to Lilliput. Gulliver then apologizes and defeats a nasty leader in Lilliput and he is forgiven. He ends up getting his woman, Darcy after she goes on the voyage and ends up in Lilliput too. The two leave and go back to their home in New York and Gulliver ends up moving up in his workplace and there’s a happy ending. The books ending was not anywhere near this ending. The book went on to say all of the voyages he went on and ended up with completely different outcomes.

There were very few similarities when looking at the detail of the whole story. Overall the movie followed the basic story line of a man named Gulliver who ends up in a storm and finds himself on the island of Lilliput with the small people. The movie tried to be much more comical and modern which is understandable, but it did not do a great job depicting the story and keeping it close to the same as the book. There were many more differences to note throughout the movie but these were just the main points that helped develop the story. The book is a satire, which is a “work that blends censorious attitude with humor and wit for improving human institutions and humanity”. The movie followed this rather well, but was definitely more comical than the book. Being that the film was so modernized, it could be hard for one to grasp the major concepts that the story included, such as the factions, just for one example. The story itself is very explanatory as well as the movie, however when comparing the two works together they don’t exactly resemble each other to a long extent, nor do they help a reader/watcher understand the plot any better.

Gulliver’s Travels Movie

Midterm Study Guide English 205

Midterm Study Guide English 205

  • The word medieval comes from the term middle age
  • Satire is the use of sarcasm, criticism, or exaggeration in denouncing or finding fault with something
  • Sympathetic attraction is the connection between heavenly and earthly bodies
  • Physiognomy is that people act how they look, such as an ugly person being very mean and dumb
  • An allegory is a story or poem that can be interpreted to have a hidden meaning
  • Effect of piety (imagining the body of Christ)
  • The Wanderer
    • It is a piece of Anglo-Saxon literature
    • The main character is a warrior who has lost his lord and comrades in battle, he is terribly lonely and dwells on the past when he was happy.
    • He attempts to reach out and find salvation through God.
  • The Canterbury Tales
    • Written by Geoffrey Chaucer
    • The Tales were supposed to be 120 stories but we only have 24 stories because Chaucer died before finishing
    • The Canterbury Tales are Estate Satire because they make fun of the abuses of the estates of this time
    • There are three states during the medieval period
  1. The first is the Church, or those who prayed
  2. The second would be the nobility, such as knights or other fighters
  3. The third and lowest estate would be the peasantry
    • Women had estates based on sexual status: virgin, married, and widow
    • The characters of the Canterbury Tales
      • The narrator (Chaucer)
      • The Knight, a chivalrous and morally upstanding person. He is the father to the Squire and employer of the Yeoman
      • The Squire, son of the Knight, handsome and a flirt
      • The Yeoman, dressed in green uses bows and daggers
      • The Prioress, quiet, polite, dainty. Speaks incorrect French
      • The Monk, enjoys hunting more than doing religious things
      • The Friar, enjoys spending time in taverns with women and wealthy people, dislikes spending time with the poor and sick
      • The Merchant, appears wealthy but is poor and in debt
      • The Clerk, spends all his money on books
      • The Sergeant of Law, a lawyer who seems to be pretty good at his job
      • The Franklin, jovial landowner and good host
      • The Tradesmen, a group of five men who represent the new social class starting to form
      • The Cook, a good cook but has a large ulcer on his leg
      • The Shipman, a mean thug who is good at navigating
      • The Physician, an intelligent man who always knows how to cure his patients
      • The Plowman, a man who works in the fields and is nice and religious
      • The Parson, brother of the Plowman and who takes his job seriously and always helps the poor and sick
      • The Wife of Bath, a widower who has been married several times
      • The Miller, A big man who is loud and enjoys drinking
      • The Manciple, purchases food and supplies for a school and is dishonest
      • The Reeve, a manager who steals from his lord
      • The Pardoner, sells church pardons and likes money
    • The Miller’s Tale
      • This story is told by the Miller, who is drunk, and is a very humorous tale.
      • It is about a student named Nicholas having an affair with Alisoun. Nicholas tricks Alisoun’s husband John into hiding in a boat, while he sleeps with Alisoun. However, a parish clerk named Absolon arrives and sticks John in the rear with a hot poker after being humiliated by him and Alisoun.
    • The Faerie Queen
      • Written by Edmund Spenser, an English poet
      • In this story, the Red Cross Knight is instructed by Queen Elizabeth to go forth and kill a dragon. Along the way he encounters monsters and an evil wizard. He eventually finds and kills the dragon.
    • Gulliver’s Travels
      • Written by Jonathan Swift, an Anglo-Irish writer and satirist
      • Gulliver’s Travels is considered satire
      • It begins with Lemuel Gulliver getting shipwrecked and ending up on an island called Lilliput
      • The people who inhabit this island are roughly the size of a person’s index finger
      • They tie Gulliver up and shoot his with arrows, this is only a minor nuisance to Gulliver
      • He is given food and taken to their capital
      • The king and his court decide not to kill Gulliver because of the stench his body would create and the fear of the plague
      • The kingdom of Lilliput is at war with their neighbors over which way is the correct way to crack an egg
      • He steals ships from the rival kingdom
      • He flees Lilliput after he is to be sentenced to death for putting out a fire by urinating on it
      • He later ends up in a land of giants called Brobdingnag
      • The people here are famers and are less militant than the people of Lilliput
      • Gulliver is exhibited for money by a farmer who finds him
      • He is the purchased by the queen
      • He talks with the king and is ashamed at how uncivilized England sounds when he tells the king about it
    • Julian of Norwich is an English writer who had 16 religious visions that she received while being incredibly ill and near death
    • Margery Kempe was an English Christian mystic
      • She wrote an autobiography called “The Book of Margery Kempe”
      • She is a very religious person who wishes to sleep in different beds from her husband so that she can be chaste and grow closer to god
      • She goes on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and cries the entire time, annoying everyone
      • She wishes to marry God
    • John Donne, an English poet who wrote “The Altar” and “Easter Wings” along with other works
      • Says that man is not an island but is all part of one great continent
    • Henry Vaughn, English poet
      • In his work “Cock-Crowing” he talks about how man is calling out to God and that every time the sun rises mankind is rejuvenated
    • Richard Crawshaw, English Poet
      • More gruesome than Henry Vaughn’s work
      • The wounds he talks about Christ having are on his eyes and his mouth
      • The wounds show emotion with his eyes crying blood and his mouth kissing things
      • Lacerations also look like mouths

Midterm Review

  • The Wanderer
    • Anglo-Saxon poem using Elegiac mood
    • Preserved only in the Exeter book, a manuscript of about 975, which is the largest collection of poetry from this time
      • Man lost his lord, and he’s trying to find purpose
      • Switches between past and present
        • Important Line: Therefore no one is wise without his share of winter’s (Line 64)
  • Geoffrey Chaucer
    • Medieval social theory
      • Nobility
      • Church
      • Everybody else
    • Estate Satire- “Sets out to expose and pillory typical examples of corruption at all levels of society” (From book).
    • Chaucer served as a justice of the peace and knight of the shire for the county of kent
    • Physiognomy – belief that a person’s character is made evident through their physical features
    • The Canterbury Tales: The General Prologue
      • Characters
        • Narrator- Geoffrey Chaucer
        • The Knight- Ideal participated in no less than 15 crusades
        • The pardoner- Forgives people for a price, greasy yellow hair
        • The prioress- Runs a convent. Modest, quiet, good taste and has impeccable table manners
        • The miller- Stout, threatens hosts notion of propriety
        • The Monk- Doesn’t obey the rules completely. Very loud
        • The friar- Accepts bribes from people
        • Th squier- The knight’s son. Curly haired
        • The Yeoman- A commoner who is the military servant of the Knight
        • The clerk- A student at oxford. Spends money on his books and school supplies. Very quite but intellectual
        • Sergeant of Law (Lawyer)- Very smart know all laws. Commissioned by the king
    • The Miller’s Tale
      • Begins a genre known as the Fabliau- A short story in verse that deals satirically, often grossly and fantastically with intrigues and deceptions about sex and money
        • Usually very comical
      • Characters
        • Nicholas- Oxford student
        • John- Friend of Nicholas was a carpenter and was married
        • Alisoun- Wife of John, 18-yrs old
        • Absolon- Another lover of Alisoun, he is a parish clerk  
      • Summary
        • Alisoun and Nicholas agree to sleep together while her husband John has left. In order to get them alone they must think of a plan to get her husband away. Nicholas tells John that he got a vision that the great flood is coming and he must prepare.
  • Edmund Spenser
    • Aspired to be the great English poet of his age  
    • Received an education from Merchant Taylors school then Pembroke college and Cambridge
    • Had a special rhyme scheme which was the Spenserian Sonnet- Nine-line or spenserian stanza. The faerie queene had a hexameter (six-stress) line at the end
    • The Faerie Queene
      • Considered an Epic type of poem. An epic poem is a long, serious, poetic narrative about an event
      • This poem is an epic celebration of Queen Elizabeth, the protestant faith, and the English nation.
      • Characters
        • Redcrosse Knight- Represents Spencer
        • Gloriana- Queen Elizabeth
        • Una- Beautiful strong women, instructs the Knight not to go into error’s den
        • Error- Vomits out papers and books. Spewing out illegal printings
  • Jonathan Swift
    • Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, poet and clerk
    • Chain of events Gulliver Travels
      • Describing normal life
      • Goes on voyage
      • Shipwreck
      • Only survivor, winds up on island
      • Wakes up ropes around him, captured by the lilliputians
      • Shoot arrows at him, his left hand freed lilliputians run away
      • Examine him
      • Gulliver gestures that he will be nice
      • Brings food, Drugs Gulliver and they put him on a cart
      • Take Gulliver to a temple and chain him up
      • Strange urination scene and weird apology
      • Meets the emperor they contemplate his death but then figure his rotting corpse would smell too bad so they keep him alive
      • Inventory his belongings, but Gulliver manages to keep one secret pocket
      • Gulliver introduced to the courtly traditions (e.x. Tightrope walking for a position in court)
      • Military displays
      • Gulliver gets set free, see the palace and walks around town
      • Explains the war with Blefuscu and warning political faction within country
  • Julian Of Norwich
    • Receives 16 visions from god
    • Julian became an Anchoress after the visions led her that way
  • Margery Kemp
    • Spiritual autobiography of medieval woman
    • Became chase after having a bad pregnancy and started sleeping in another bed at the age of 40
    • Since chastity was chosen she went on a pilgrimage to the holy land
  • John Donne
    • Donne, Devotions on Emergent Occasions and Death’s Duel (1419-24); George Herbert, Introduction (1705-1707), “The Altar,” “Easter Wings,” “Jordan (1),” “The Pulley” (1707, 1709, 1712, 1721)
    • Typically wrote sonnets (14 lined poems)
    • Volta: turn or shit in a poem
    • Round earth imagined corners
      • Line 1 flate earth, angles at 4 corners of the earth
      • enganimant: no punctuation so the lines flow from one to the next without pausing.
      • Bodily ressurection
      • Quatraine is 4 lines
      • “Dearth” : poverty
      • “Let them sleep” talking about the souls
      • Speaker has anxiety about his sins
      • “There” : rapture
      • “Seal’d my pardon” : Christ’s crucifixion
      • “Repent” : crucifixion, Donne was religously confused
      • Physinomy: what you look like is who you are (pretty person = lovely personality)
      • Beautiful form = merciful God
      • Man is a michrocosm, but Donne belives man is a macrochosm
      • Meditation 17
        • Man is compared to:
          • A continent…man isnt an island but apart of a whole
          • Translators who translate the book (us) into heaven
        • Bell that is tolling for you (death bell)
    • Diference between Donne and Herbert:
      • Donne is metaphysical where Herbert is more direct.  Herbert is als less dark.  Both are religously oriented
  • Herbert
    • The alter and Easter wings
      • These poems are shaped like their titles
      • In easter wings
        • “Most thin” comes in the middle of the shape where it is thinnest…this reinforces the poem’s message
          • Message: asking God to help and he will be ablt to overcome
      • The alter
        • Alter made of heart
        • Stones praise
  • Vaughan and Crashaw
    • Unprofitableness,” “Cock-Crowing,” “The Night” (1733, 1736-39); Richard Crashaw, Introduction (1740-41), “On the Wounds of our Crucified Lord,” “Luke 11.[27], Blessed be the paps which thou hast sucked,” “The Flaming Heart” (1746, 1752-55)
    • Vaughn: cock crowing
      • Tends to write a lot on pilgramages that never see the end
      • Self loathing and disspoaintment at end of every poem
      • Sympathtic attraction: attraction between earthly and heavenly bodies
      • Piece of sun in rooster so it calls out every morning
      • God in man so man should call out to God
      • Rooster is metephor for man…”that little grain that expels the night”
      • Their light is revivevd with the sun
      • If a rooster feels so passionate about the sun shouldnt we express the same passion for God
      • “O thou immortal light and heat” is an apostrphe
        • Addressing an absent or imagines being
      • w/ us seed of God
      • veil= the flesh
        • Speaker still has it and therfore canot fully see God.  Wants to die
        • Lillies: song of solomon
      • The night
        • God is darkness…absolute darkness since God is the extreme of all things
    • Crashaw: on the wounds of our crucified lord
      • More gruesme
      • Apart of the continental baroque period
      • visceral
      • Emphasis on the body
      • Wounds are eyes and mouths
        • Eyes because wounds are crying ruby tears aka blood
        • Mouths because they literally look like mouths….also, possibly because the wounds are speaking on behalf of all individuals’ sins
      • Blessed be the paps which thou hast sucked
        • As a baby Mary nursed him and now Mary turns to Jesus for spiritual nurturing
        • Eucharistic poem
          • These poems are replicating the challenge to find the body in blood of christ within the bread and wine